Τι είναι είναι η διαφορά μεταξύ κοντινού πεδίου οπτικό μικροσκόπιο και μακρινό πεδίο μικροσκόπιο
Τι είναι είναι Κοντά Πεδίο Οπτικό Μικροσκοπία?
Δεδομένου ότι η δεκαετία του 1980, με η πρόοδος της επιστήμη και τεχνολογία σε μικρής κλίμακας και χαμηλής διάστασης χώροι και το ανάπτυξη της σάρωσης ανιχνευτής μικροσκοπία τεχνολογία, a νέο διεπιστημονική υποκείμενο - εγγύς πεδίο οπτική - έχει προκύψει στο πεδίο από οπτική. εγγύς πεδίο οπτική έχει επανάσταση το παραδοσιακό οπτικό ανάλυση όριο. The emergence of a new type of near-field optical microscope (NSOM—Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope, or SNOM) has expanded people's field of vision from half the wavelength of incident light to a few tenths of the wavelength, that is, the nanometer scale. In near-field optical microscopy, the lenses in conventional optical instruments are replaced by tiny optical probes with tip apertures much smaller than the wavelength του φως.
As νωρίς ως 1928, Synge προτεινόμενο ότι μετά ακτινοβόληση περιστατικό φως μέσω α μικρό τρύπα με an διάφραγμα of 10nm to a sample with a απόσταση of 10nm, scanning with a step size of 10nm and collecting the optical signal of the micro area, it is possible to acquitain super high resolution. In this intuitive description, Synge has clearly predicted the main features of modern near-field optical microscopy.
In 1970, Ash and Nicholls applied the concept of near field to realize two-dimensional imaging with a resolution of K/60 in the microwave band (K=3cm). In 1983, the BM Zurich Research Center successfully fabricated nanoscale light holes on the tip of a metal-coated quartz crystal. Ultra-high optical resolution images at K/20 are obtained using tunneling current as feedback for the distance between the probe and the sample. The impetus to bring near-field optics to wider attention came from AT&T Bell Laboratories. In 1991, Betzig et al. used optical fiber to make a tapered optical hole with high light flux, and deposited a metal film on the side, coupled with a unique shear force probe-sample spacing adjustment method, which not only increased the transmitted photon flux. At the same time, it provides a stable and reliable control method, which has triggered a high-resolution optical observation of near-field optical microscopy in different fields such as biology, chemistry, magneto-optical domains and high-density information storage devices, and quantum devices. series of studies. The so-called near-field optics is relative to far-field optics. Traditional optical theories, such as geometric optics and physical optics, usually only study the distribution of light fields far away from light sources or objects, and are generally referred to as far-field optics. In principle, there is a far-field diffraction limit in far-field optics, which limits the minimum resolution size and minimum mark size when using the principle of far-field optics for microscopy and other optical applications. Near-field optics, on the other hand, studies the distribution of light fields within a wavelength range from a light source or object. In the field of near-field optics research, the far-field diffraction limit is broken, and the resolution limit is no longer subject to any restrictions in principle, and can be infinitely small, so that the optical resolution of microscopic imaging and other optical applications can be improved based on the principle of near-field optics. Rate.
The optical resolution based on near-field optical technology can reach the nanometer level, breaking through the resolution diffraction limit of traditional optics, which will provide power operations, measurement methods and instrument systems for many fields of scientific research, especially the development of nanotechnology . Παρόν, κοντινό πεδίο σάρωση οπτικό μικροσκόπια και κοντινό πεδίο φασματόμετρα βασισμένο on evanescent πεδίο ανίχνευση έχουν έχουν ^εφαρμοστεί in the fields of physics, biology, chemistry, and material science, and the scope of application is constantly expanding; while other applications based on near-field optics, Such as nano-lithography and ultra-high-density near-field optical storage, nano-optical components, capture and χειρισμός του νανο-κλίμακας σωματίδια, κ.λπ., έχουν επίσης προσελκύουν το προσοχή του πολλοί επιστήμονες.
Apart from the fact that they are both called microscopes, there are not many similarities.
First of all, the biggest difference is that the resolution is different. The far-field microscope, that is, the traditional optical microscope, is limited by the diffraction limit. it is difficult to image clearly in regions smaller than the wavelength of light; while the near-field microscope can achieve clear imaging.
Secondly, the principle is different. The far-field microscope uses the reflection and refraction of light, etc., and can use the combination of lenses; while in the near-field, a probe is needed, and the coupling and conversion of the evanescent field and the transmission field are used to achieve light alignment. signal acquisition.
%0αΕπίσης%2γ το πολυπλοκότητα του του μέσο%2γ το κόστος%2γ κ.λπ.%2γ το δύο είναι όχι το ίδιο.
